Unit 5 ~ 6 예문 μ—°μŠ΅

β€’Study Notes

μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”! μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ μ§€λ‚œ κ²Œμ‹œκΈ€μ—μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ Έλ“―μ΄ 예문으둜 λ³΅μŠ΅μ„ ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ 가져보도둝 ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ κ°€λ³κ²Œ κ³Όκ±°μ‹œμ œμ™€ κ³Όκ±°μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ˜ˆλ¬Έλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„ 이 μ˜ˆλ¬Έλ“€μ„ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄μ„œ, 직접 또 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ³΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ°€μ Έλ³΄μ„Έμš”!


[Unit 5] κ³Όκ±°μ‹œμ œ

κ³Όκ±°μ‹œμ œμ˜ 핡심은 'ν˜„μž¬μ™€λŠ” μ™„μ „νžˆ 선이 κ·Έμ–΄μ§„, 이미 μ§€λ‚˜κ°„ 과거의 일' 을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 눈으둜 읽고 말둜 뱉어보고, 직접 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ˜ˆλ¬Έλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄μ„œ λ³΅μŠ΅μ„ ν•΄ λ³΄μ„Έμš”

1. κ·œμΉ™ 동사

κ°€μž₯ 기본적인 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ν˜•μ— -ed λ₯Ό λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • I worked late last night to finish my project.
    • (λ‚˜ μ–΄μ œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 끝내렀고 λŠ¦κ²ŒκΉŒμ§€ μΌν–ˆμ–΄.)
  • We cleaned the whole kitchen yesterday morning.
    • (우리 μ–΄μ œ 아침에 μ£Όλ°© 전체λ₯Ό μ²­μ†Œν–ˆμ–΄.)
  • The train started on time, so I didn't miss it.
    • (κΈ°μ°¨κ°€ μ œμ‹œκ°„μ— μΆœλ°œν•΄μ„œ λ†“μΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄.)
  • It rained heavily all day last Tuesday.
    • (μ§€λ‚œμ£Ό ν™”μš”μΌμ—λŠ” ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 λΉ„κ°€ μ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ μ™”μ–΄.)
  • I phoned my older brother an hour ago.
    • (λ‚˜ ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에 ν˜•ν•œν…Œ μ „ν™”ν–ˆμ–΄.)

2. λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사

κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μ—†μ–΄μ„œ μ•”κΈ°κ°€ ν•„μˆ˜μΈ λ™μ‚¬λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • I went to the local public library last weekend.
    • (λ‚˜ μ§€λ‚œ 주말에 μ§€μ—­ 곡곡 λ„μ„œκ΄€μ— κ°”μ—ˆμ–΄.) -> go βž” went
  • My parents bought a house in Canada a long time ago.
    • (우리 λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ€ μ˜€λž˜μ „μ— μΊλ‚˜λ‹€μ— 집을 사셨어.) -> buy βž” bought
  • I saw Dan at the coffee shop yesterday.
    • (λ‚˜ μ–΄μ œ μ»€ν”Όμˆμ—μ„œ 단을 λ΄€μ–΄.) -> see βž” saw
  • We ate lunch early because we were so hungry.
    • (우리 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ°°κ³ νŒŒμ„œ 점심을 일찍 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄.) -> eat βž” ate
  • I slept for eight hours last night and feel great now.
    • (λ‚˜ 어젯밀에 8μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μžμ„œ μ§€κΈˆ μ»¨λ””μ…˜μ΄ μ’‹μ•„.) -> sleep βž” slept
  • He gave me a useful book for my English study.
    • (κ·ΈλŠ” λ‚΄ μ˜μ–΄ 곡뢀λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μœ μš©ν•œ μ±… ν•œ κΆŒμ„ μ£Όμ—ˆμ–΄.) -> give βž” gave

3. νƒ€μž„ 마컀(Time Markers)

과거의 'νŠΉμ • μ‹œμ '을 μ§šμ–΄μ£ΌλŠ” 단어듀과 ν•¨κ»˜ μ“°μ—¬ κ³Όκ±°μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • I completed the database configuration three days ago.
    • (λ‚˜ μ‚¬ν˜ 전에 λ°μ΄ν„°λ² μ΄μŠ€ 섀정을 μ™„λ£Œν–ˆμ–΄.) -> ~ ago (~ 전에)
  • Sarah left the office at 6 o'clock yesterday.
    • (μ„ΈλΌλŠ” μ–΄μ œ 6μ‹œμ— ν‡΄κ·Όν–ˆμ–΄.) -> yesterday (μ–΄μ œ)
  • They moved to Toronto last year.
    • (그듀은 μž‘λ…„μ— ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ μ΄μ‚¬ν–ˆμ–΄.) -> last ~ (μ§€λ‚œ ~)
  • I read a few pages of a novel in the morning.
    • (λ‚˜ 아침에 μ†Œμ„€μ±…μ„ λͺ‡ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ μ½μ—ˆμ–΄.) -> in the morning (아침에)
  • When I was a child, we lived with our relatives.
    • (λ‚΄κ°€ 어렸을 λ•Œ, 우리 가쑱은 μΉœμ²™λ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄μ•˜μ—ˆμ–΄.) -> When I was ~ (~μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ)

4. Beλ™μ‚¬μ˜ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•

  • I was very tired when I returned home from work.
    • (νšŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ 집에 λŒμ•„μ™”μ„ λ•Œ λ‚˜λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ ν”Όκ³€ν–ˆμ–΄.) -> I βž” was
  • The weather was beautiful during our trip to Vancouver.
    • (밴쿠버 μ—¬ν–‰ λ™μ•ˆ 날씨가 정말 μ’‹μ•˜μ–΄.) -> The weather βž” was
  • My keys were on the desk, but now they are gone.
    • (λ‚΄ 열쇠듀이 책상 μœ„μ— μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°, μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ—†μ–΄μ‘Œλ„€.) -> My keys(볡수) βž” were
  • Why were you angry with me yesterday afternoon?
    • (λ„ˆ μ–΄μ œ μ˜€ν›„μ— λ‚˜ν•œν…Œ μ™œ ν™”κ°€ λ‚¬μ—ˆμ–΄?) -> you βž” were
  • We were at the office until late on Monday.
    • (우리 μ›”μš”μΌμ— λŠ¦κ²ŒκΉŒμ§€ 사무싀에 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄.) -> We βž” were
  • Sam was ill last week, so he stayed in bed.
    • (μƒ˜μ€ μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— μ•„νŒŒμ„œ μΉ¨λŒ€μ— λˆ„μ›Œ μ§€λƒˆμ–΄.) -> Sam βž” was

[Unit 6] κ³Όκ±° μ§„ν–‰ν˜•

κ³Όκ±°μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ˜ 핡심은 κ³Όκ±° ν•œ μ‹œμ μ— μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  있던 'λ°°κ²½ ν™”λ©΄(was/were -ing)'κ³Ό 도쀑에 툭 λΌμ–΄λ“œλŠ” '사건(κ³Όκ±°ν˜•)'의 μ‘°ν•©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μƒν™©λ³„λ‘œ μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ„ 톡해 λ³΅μŠ΅ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

1. κ³Όκ±° νŠΉμ • μ‹œμ μ— ν•œμ°½ μ§„ν–‰ μ€‘μ΄λ˜ 행동 (단독 μ§„ν–‰)

μ–΄λ–€ μ‹œμ μ— κ·Έ 행동이 λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šκ³  계속 μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” λŠλ‚Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • At 10 o'clock last night, I was coding a new feature for my website.
    • (μ–΄μ ―λ°€ 10μ‹œμ— λ‚˜λŠ” μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ˜ μƒˆ κΈ°λŠ₯을 ν•œμ°½ μ½”λ”©ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄.)
  • What were you doing at this time yesterday?
    • (μ–΄μ œ 이 μ‹œκ°„μ— λ„ˆ 뭐 ν•˜κ³  있던 μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄?)
  • I saw you in the park yesterday afternoon. You were reading a novel.
    • (λ‚˜ μ–΄μ œ μ˜€ν›„μ— κ³΅μ›μ—μ„œ λ„ˆ λ΄€μ–΄. λ„ˆ μ†Œμ„€μ±… 읽고 μžˆλ”λΌ.)
  • Rain was falling heavily when I woke up this morning.
    • (였늘 아침에 λˆˆμ„ 떴을 λ•Œ λΉ„κ°€ μ„Έμ°¨κ²Œ λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄.)
  • They weren't watching TV when I entered the living room.
    • (λ‚΄κ°€ 거싀에 듀어갔을 λ•Œ 그듀은 TVλ₯Ό 보고 있던 쀑이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ–΄.)

2. μœ΅ν•© 법칙: ν˜λŸ¬κ°€λŠ” λ°°κ²½(-ing) + 끼어든 사건(κ³Όκ±°ν˜•)

μ΄μ–΄μ§€λ˜ μ§„ν–‰ 상황 쀑간에 λ‹¨λ°œμ„± 사건이 λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • My phone rang while I was having dinner with my family.
    • (κ°€μ‘±λ“€κ³Ό ν•œμ°½ 저녁을 먹던 쀑에 λ‚΄ 폰이 μšΈλ Έμ–΄.)
  • I hurt my wrist while I was working out at the gym.
    • (μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ—μ„œ ν•œμ°½ μš΄λ™ν•˜λ˜ 도쀑에 손λͺ©μ„ λ‹€μ³€μ–΄.)
  • Sarah lost her ring while she was walking in the garden.
    • (μ„ΈλΌλŠ” 정원을 ν•œμ°½ 걷던 쀑에 λ°˜μ§€λ₯Ό μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ Έμ–΄.)
  • While I was waiting at the bus stop, it started to snow.
    • (λ²„μŠ€ μ •λ₯˜μž₯μ—μ„œ ν•œμ°½ κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 쀑에 눈이 내리기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ–΄.)
  • We saw an accident while we were driving to Toronto.
    • (우리 ν† λ‘ ν† λ‘œ ν•œμ°½ μš΄μ „ν•΄μ„œ κ°€λ˜ 쀑에 사고λ₯Ό λͺ©κ²©ν–ˆμ–΄.)
  • The lights went out while he was upgrading the database.
    • (κ·Έκ°€ ν•œμ°½ λ°μ΄ν„°λ² μ΄μŠ€λ₯Ό μ—…κ·Έλ ˆμ΄λ“œν•˜λ˜ 쀑에 뢈이 κΊΌμ‘Œμ–΄.)

3. 사건이 μˆœμ„œλŒ€λ‘œ 연달아 일어날 λ•Œ (κ³Όκ±°ν˜• λ‚˜μ—΄)

μ–΄λ–€ 행동이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λλ‚˜κ³  λ‚˜μ„œ κ·Έλ‹€μŒ 행동이 μ°¨λ‘€λŒ€λ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ λ•ŒλŠ” μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ“°μ§€ μ•Šκ³  κ³Όκ±°ν˜•λ§Œ λ‚˜μ—΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • I was walking along the road when I saw Dan. So I stopped, and we talked for a while.
    • (길을 κ±·λ‹€ 단을 λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 멈좰 μ„°κ³ , 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„μ—ˆλ‹€.)
  • I got up, brushed my teeth, and left the house.
    • (λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ, 이λ₯Ό 닦고, 집을 λ‚˜μ„°λ‹€.)
  • When the movie ended, we got out of the cinema and walked home.
    • (μ˜ν™”κ°€ 끝났을 λ•Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜ν™”κ΄€μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ™€μ„œ μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ κ±Έμ–΄κ°”λ‹€.)
  • She bought a coffee, sat at a desk, and started reading.
    • (κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 컀피λ₯Ό 샀고, 책상에 μ•‰μ•˜κ³ , λ…μ„œλ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ‹€.)
  • I closed the laptop, stretched my body, and returned home from work.
    • (λ‚˜λŠ” λ…ΈνŠΈλΆμ„ λ‹«μ•˜κ³ , μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμΉ­μ„ ν–ˆκ³ , νšŒμ‚¬μ—μ„œ ν‡΄κ·Όν–ˆλ‹€.)

4. "이미 ν•˜λ˜ 쀑(were -ing)" vs "κ·Έ 후에 μ‹œμž‘(had)"

λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μƒν™©μ˜ μ„ ν›„ 관계가 λ’€λ°”λ€ŒλŠ” μƒν™©μ˜ μ˜ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

  • When my older brother arrived, we were having dinner.
    • (ν˜•μ΄ λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œμ°½ 저녁을 먹던 μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.)
  • When my older brother arrived, we had dinner.
    • (ν˜•μ΄ λ„μ°©ν–ˆλ‹€. 그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 저녁을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€.)
  • When the meeting started, I was configuring the server.
    • (νšŒμ˜κ°€ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ, λ‚˜λŠ” ν•œμ°½ μ„œλ²„λ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν•˜λ˜ μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.)
  • When the meeting started, I configured the server.
    • (νšŒμ˜κ°€ μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” μ„œλ²„λ₯Ό μ„€μ •ν–ˆλ‹€.)
  • When she came into the office, it was raining.
    • (κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€λ‘œ 듀어왔을 λ•Œ, λΉ„κ°€ ν•œμ°½ λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€.)
  • When she came into the office, it rained.
    • (κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ‚¬λ¬΄μ‹€λ‘œ λ“€μ–΄μ™”λ‹€. 그러고 λ‚˜μ„œ λΉ„κ°€ λ‚΄λ Έλ‹€.)